External Reference Samples for Residual Stress Analysis by X-Ray Diffraction

Surface Hardness Measurment and Microstructural Characterisation of Steel by X-Ray Diffraction Profile Analysis

An X-ray diffraction line will broaden considerably when steels change into martensitic structure on quenching. The results presented in this paper show that X-ray diffraction technique can be employed for a rapid and nondestructive measurement of hardness of hardened steel. Measurement on various quenched and tempered steels showed that the breadth of its diffraction peak increased with increa...

Recent Advances in the Measurement of Residual Stress by X-Ray Diffraction

Quantitative Analysis by X-ray Diffraction

Certain minerals in soil clays may be directly estimated from diffraction line intensity and the mass absorption coefficient of the sample to the radiation used. The main advantages of the method described are that no internal standards or calibration charts are required, and any diffraction line of the component to be estimated may be chosen. The results obtained compare favourably with chemic...

Reference specimens for x-ray stress analysis: the French experience

The aim of this paper is to analyse the results obtained by a French workgroup that has been working on reference specimens for x-ray stress determination, to critically examine the procedure and to understand the factors that control the accuracy of the results. It is found that manufacturing of specimens with sufficient accuracy is possible and the paper shows how the embryo of a metrological...

Cryogenic X-ray diffraction microscopy for biological samples.

X-ray diffraction microscopy (XDM) is well suited for nondestructive, high-resolution biological imaging, especially for thick samples, with the high penetration power of x rays and without limitations imposed by a lens. We developed nonvacuum, cryogenic (cryo-) XDM with hard x rays at 8 keV and report the first frozen-hydrated imaging by XDM. By preserving samples in amorphous ice, the risk of...